Direct impacts of off-hour deliveries on urban freight emissions

The most significant negative environmental impacts of urban trucking result largely from travel in congested traffic. To illustrate the potential of innovative solutions to this problem, this paper presents new research on the emission reductions associated with off-hour freight deliveries (OHD). The paper uses fine-level GPS data of delivery operations during regular-hours (6 AM to 7 PM), and off-hours (7 PM to 6 AM), to quantify emissions in three major cities in the Americas. Using second-by-second emissions modeling, the paper compares emissions under both delivery schedules for: reactive organic gases, total organic gases, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and particulate matter. The results show that the magnitude of the emission reductions depends on the extent of the change of delivery time. In the case of the “Full” OHD programs of New York City and São Paulo—where the deliveries were made during the late night and early morning periods (7 PM to 6 AM)—the emission reductions are in the range of 45–67%. In the case of the “Partial” OHD used in Bogotá (where OHD took place between 6 PM and 10 PM), the reductions were about 13%. The emission reductions per kilometer are used to estimate the total reductions for the cities studied, and for all metropolitan areas in the world with more than two million residents. The results indicate the considerable potential of OHD as an effective—business friendly—sustainability tool to improve the environmental performance of urban deliveries. The chief implication is that public policy should foster off-hour deliveries, and all forms of Freight Demand Management, where practicable

Urban logistics and freight transport

Urban logistics and freight transport are essential activities for cities and involve complicated interactions between the public and private sectors. Cities are growing and urban logistics is becoming more important. However, freight transport, storage, deliveries, loading, and unloading also create negative impacts related to energy use, emissions, noise, and safety. As a result, public authorities need to consider a wide range of initiatives to mitigate these impacts and to ensure that urban logistics can function efficiently. This chapter outlines the main features of urban logistics and considers seven categories of initiatives where the public and private sector interact. The categories are illustrated with examples from cities and projects on an international level, drawing on the increasing level of research interest in this field

OPTIMAL PRICING FOR PRIORITY SERVICE AND SPACE ALLOCATION IN CONTAINER PORTS

This paper focuses on the determination of optimal space allocation and optimal pricing for priority systems in container ports. The problem is formulated taking into account the intrinsic and logistic cargo value, and a capacity constraint that considers the various physical requirements of the containers. Prices and space allocations are found for various cases, showing explicitly the role of each element. The resulting models extend classical price differentiation theory, i.e. the inverse elasticity rule, in various directions. Finally, the implications of these results and the corresponding information requirements are clearly established

Modeling prepositioning of resources for humanitarian logistics

Prepositioning of resources for humanitarian assistance to the victims of natural disaster is an important consideration to mitigate the problem that occurs due to the shortage in the supply of resources. Prepositioned resources should be distributed in the affected areas. Although prepositioning of the resources in natural cases like an earthquake is difficult, it can be done more systematically in the hurricane-prone, flood-prone zones. The distribution mechanism, network, supply of resources and quantities, feasible supply routes and transfer of the materials from one or several supply centers become some of the issues that can be studied systematically through the modeling process and is the focus of this paper. A model is developed and a small case has been used to test the model. The results and repercussions have also been discussed.EATON Powering Business worldwide;SIEMENSScopu